btw, there is nothing for the "bookie" to do in these fixings, but our point is a GOOD and FAIR bookie would take every precaution to eliminate gaming of it's system by those who don't know anything about the topic on which they are betting. Wall Street does a TERRIBLE job at this, as HFTs are allowed to basically steal information from those doing real research, simply by positioning their servers closer to the stock market's servers and then running ahead of the bids/asks they see coming from REAL market participants. This has a VERY bad effect on the world, as it steals money from those doing good, and rewards bad behavior simply based on proximity. But alas, those who rely on cheaty-methods typically resort to payoffs to the exchanges in question, and if the exchange righteously refuses, a competitor will say yes and get bigger. So perhaps like trying to prevent prostitution, there's no way to really "win" or beat it. Just minimize it.