Why study the public chain?公链币你不得不知的二三事

Why study the public chain? It's also about choosing value items. At present, the development of block chain technology is still very early. The most important thing in the early days was to build the infrastructure, and if you use the analogy of building a house, now is the time to lay the foundations. The type of foundation determines what kind of house is built on it. Then what kind of consensus agreement the public chain adopts determines what kind of agreement the application on it adopts. At present, dozens of public chains have not decided whether to win or lose. It is not scientific to bet which DAPP application will become the future unicorn. Most of today's app tokens are bullshit. Therefore, many people believe that 2018 is the year of public chain investment.

If it can occupy a place in the future platform public chain field in the field of block chain, it will be at least a one-party hegemony of hundreds of billions. No, ETH, EOS, ADA, AE, and so on. Every day, the great public chains pinch fiercely, and fight for the seat of the future king of the public chain. In June, several popular public link networks will be online, and on June 2, the much-anticipated EOS network will be online. In fact, the main network online is only a starting point, can only be considered as a young adult, can be separated from the "blockchain ii" king of itaifang independent operation. The future still has a long way to go.

How can we see the future of Kings in terms of the natural endowments of the present, their features, their manners and their words? Which of the public chain of eight wang qi (wrong, it is wang ba qi) have no side leakage? How do you pick the only or only two possible future Kings? We can draw a picture of the king in our mind first, and find out what kind of characteristics the future king of the public chain should have.

One is to be safe enough.

The king needs to give his people enough security. This should be one of the basic features of blockchain technology. Why is it said that blockchain technology is advanced, capable of transmitting value and carrying trust? It is because of the technical way to ensure the authenticity of data, providing security guarantee. The technology is largely decentralized. Currently, the main technical consensus modes of blockchain include POW (work certificate), POS (equity certificate), DPOS (entrusted equity certificate), etc. The safest consensus is the bitcoin POW. Of course, it's not that DPOS is unsafe, just relative to POW. Who says a parliamentary system is bad? Does a voting mob really reflect true freedom and democracy? So security cannot be generalized. At least for now, the above consensus mechanisms have basic security guarantees and each has its own pros and cons.

Second, the rate of swallowing and vomiting should be guaranteed.

The king wants to give people a good trading experience. If the future king, then must be able to accommodate large scale, high transaction frequency, massive data transmission and other requirements, and in line with the future development trend of the Internet. Such as current artificial intelligence, 3D technology, VR technology and so on. Currently, ETH's main network can only support 20 transactions per second, which obviously cannot meet the demand. The biggest selling point of EOS is that it handles millions of transactions per second (though previously it was thousands of TPS). Of course, this is not to say that ETH will be eliminated. There are a lot of ETH capacity enlargement technologies in the development of intensive, such as sub-film, side chain, etc. There are also many underlying platform chains that focus on high concurrency such as CS, quarks, etc.

Third, strong expansion performance.

Being king is certainly not limited to financial transactions. More importantly, it can be applied to all aspects of Internet life. In a real-world application scenario, specific requirements need to be met. Various practical application scenarios have their own unique governance modes, access requirements, privacy protection requirements, compliance, policies and regulations requirements, etc. Scalability is as important to the blockchain as TCP/IP is to the Internet.

Fourth, lower transaction costs.

This is one of the great advantages of the king in attracting people. It is well known that if a king keeps exacting taxes, the common people will unite to overthrow him. So the king and chain shall be populist, be friendly to business, trade merchants would like to open a shop here, people here to live and work in peace and contentment, happy to chat and play games without heartache the problem of interchange fees.

为什么要专门研究公链？其实也是为了挑选价值项目。当前区块链技术发展还在非常早期。早期最重要的是搭建底层设施，如果用建房子来类比的话，现在是打地基的时候。地基的类型决定了上面盖什么样的房子。那么公链采取什么样的共识协议，决定了其上的应用采取什么样的协议。现在几十个公链都没有决出胜负，现在来押宝哪个DAPP应用会成为未来的独角兽，是不是不大科学？目前大部分应用类的代币都是扯淡的。所以，很多人都认为，2018年就是公链投资大年不是没有道理。

如果能在未来区块链领域的平台公链领域占据一席之地，至少是千亿级别的一方霸主。君不见，ETH、EOS、ADA、AE等等，各大公链天天掐架掐的厉害，争的就是这个未来公链王者的席位。6月，几大热门公链主网就要上线，过两天6月2日就是万众瞩目的EOS主网上线。其实主网上线才算是一个起点，只能算是刚成年，可以脱离以太坊这个“区块链二代”国王独立运行。未来还有很长的路要走。

我们怎么才能从现有人选的先天禀赋、五官相貌、举止言谈看出未来王者的端倪？哪个公链的王八之气（错了，是王霸之气）有没有侧漏？如何挑选出未来可能出现的唯一或者唯二的王者呢？我们可以先给心目中的王者画个像，了解一下未来公链的王者应该具有什么样的特性。

一是要足够安全。

这个王者要给民众以足够的安全感。这个应该是区块链技术的基本特征之一，为什么说区块链技术先进，能够传输价值，承载信任？就是因为用技术的方式来保证了数据的真实性，提供了安全保证。这种技术主要就是去中心化的技术。当下主要的区块链技术共识方式有POW（工作证明）、POS（股权证明）、DPOS（委托股权证明等。最安全的共识方式就是比特币的POW。当然也不是说DPOS不安全，只是相对POW而言。谁说议会制就不好了呢？人人都有投票权的乌合之众就真的反映了真正的自由和民主么？所以安全不能一概而论。至少目前来看，上述几种共识机制在安全性上能够有基本保证，且各有优劣。

二是吞吐速率要有保证。

这个王者要给民众提供良好的交易体验。既然要是未来的王者，那么肯定要能容纳大规模、高交易频率、海量数据传输等要求，还要符合未来的互联网的发展趋势。比如当前人工智能、3D技术、VR技术等。当前ETH主网每秒仅能支持20次交易，明显不能满足需求。EOS的最大卖点就是每秒处理百万级交易量（虽然前段时间又说是数千TPS）。当然这里并不是说ETH一定会被淘汰。现在有很多ETH扩容技术正在紧锣密鼓的开发，如分片、侧链等。还有很多主打高并发的底层平台链如CS、夸克等。

三是扩展性能强。

作为王者当然不能仅局限于金融交易这个方面，更重要的是能够应用于互联网生活的方方面面。在实际应用场景中，需要满足各项特定需求。各类实际应用场景中有自己独特的治理模式、准入需求、隐私保护需求、合规与政策法规需求等等。可扩展性（Scalability）解决方案之于区块链的重要性，可类比于TCP/IP协议之于互联网的重要性。

四是交易成本要低。

这是王者吸引民众的重大优势之一。大家都知道，如果一个国王一直征收苛捐杂税，老百姓不跑光也会联合起来推翻的。所以，王者公链要亲民，对商贸要友好，商户要愿意在这里开店交易，民众在这里安居乐业，能够开心的聊天和玩游戏而不必心痛交易费率的问题。