从用户连续活跃的最大天数说起

in #cn6 years ago

问题引入

最近经常碰到这样的问题,每天每个城市播放最多的10首歌,某月每支股票连续下跌/上涨的最大天数,用户连续活跃的最大天数,初步看起来都和分析函数相关,考验逻辑思维和写复杂SQL的能力。

以用户连续活跃的最大天数为例

以Oracle的分析函数语法说明,首先模拟一些用户活跃的数据,

-- 建表语句
DROP TABLE sigin;
create table sigin(
userid int, 
sigindate varchar2(20) 
); 

-- 模拟数据插入

insert into sigin values(1,'2017-01-01');
insert into sigin values(1,'2017-01-02');
insert into sigin values(1,'2017-01-03');
insert into sigin values(1,'2017-01-04');
insert into sigin values(2,'2017-01-01');
insert into sigin values(2,'2017-01-02');
insert into sigin values(2,'2017-01-03');

insert into sigin values(1,'2017-01-10');
insert into sigin values(2,'2017-01-10');
insert into sigin values(1,'2017-01-11');
insert into sigin values(2,'2017-01-11');
insert into sigin values(1,'2017-01-12');
insert into sigin values(2,'2017-01-12');
commit;

大体思路如下:

  • 首先根据userid进行分组,将用户所有活跃的记录依次按照时间排序并标上序号。
  • 根据时间有序的特点,将所有时间减去它对应的序号,获取连续活跃时间唯一的时间点。如
2017-01-01 1
2017-01-02 2
2017-01-03 3

时间减去序号,得唯一时间2016-12-31。

  • 根据userid和这个连续活跃时间唯一的时间点进行分组,计算连续活跃天数。
-- 每个用户的几段连续活跃的天数
select 
userid,
to_date(sigindate,'yyyy-mm-dd')-sigin_rank as date_rank,
count(1) as sigincount
from 
(
select 
userid,
sigindate,
row_number() over(partition by userid order by sigindate) as sigin_rank
 from sigin
 ) c group by userid, to_date(sigindate,'yyyy-mm-dd')-sigin_rank;

得到结果1如下,

USERID  DATE_RANK   SIGINCOUNT
1   2017/1/5    3
2   2017/1/6    3
1   2016/12/31  4
2   2016/12/31  3

上述方法可以找到每个用户的连续活跃天数,但用户中间有中断时程序就无法满足,一个用户出现了多条记录,分别为用户的多段连续活跃所产生。

我们最终的目标是得到用户连续活跃的最大天数,可利用上述方法所得到的结果,在外面再嵌套一层,针对userid进行group by,得到每个用户的最大活跃天数。

select d.userid, Max(d.sigincount) as max_sigincount from (
select 
userid,
to_date(sigindate,'yyyy-mm-dd')-sigin_rank as date_rank,
count(1) as sigincount
from 
(
select 
userid,sigindate,row_number() over(partition by userid order by sigindate) as sigin_rank
 from sigin
 ) c group by userid ,to_date(sigindate,'yyyy-mm-dd')-sigin_rank 

) d  group by d.userid

得到结果2如下,

USERID  MAX_SIGINCOUNT
1   4
2   3

如果还需要得到用户连续活跃最大天数中这一段的首次活跃时间,可以把以上两个结果进行关联得到。

-- 每个用户连续活跃的最大天数和连续活跃的第一天的时间
 select f.userid,g.date_rank+1,f.max_sigincount from (
select d.userid, Max(d.sigincount) as max_sigincount from (
select 
userid,
to_date(sigindate,'yyyy-mm-dd')-sigin_rank as date_rank,
count(1) as sigincount
from 
(
select 
userid,sigindate,row_number() over(partition by userid order by sigindate) as sigin_rank
 from sigin
 ) c group by userid ,to_date(sigindate,'yyyy-mm-dd')-sigin_rank 

) d  group by d.userid
) f inner join (
select 
userid,
to_date(sigindate,'yyyy-mm-dd')-sigin_rank  as date_rank,
count(1) as sigincount
from 
(
select 
userid,sigindate,row_number() over(partition by userid order by sigindate) as sigin_rank
 from sigin
 ) c group by userid ,to_date(sigindate,'yyyy-mm-dd')-sigin_rank 

) g on f.userid = g.userid and f.max_sigincount = g.sigincount;

得到结果3如下,

USERID  G.DATE_RANK+1   MAX_SIGINCOUNT
2   2017/1/7    3
1   2017/1/1    4
2   2017/1/1    3

结果3还存在一个问题,如果用户有两段连续活跃的天数相同且最大,则第二段连续活跃的首次活跃时间是不对的,这个问题怎么解决呢?欢迎留言你的解决方案。


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