Start here. A very basic understanding of how asymmetric crypto works is an absolutely essential piece of the foundation to understanding how cryptocurrencies work. Without it, the rest simply won't sit right, because you will have to take that the network can't allow an unauthorized party to spend funds on blind faith.

If you want to follow me, I've decided to start a weekly Q&A session where I stat collecting questions that went unanswered elsewhere in a post on Friday, and publish the answers (and more, tying it all together into a bigger picture) in a subsequent post the following Monday. Look for it this friday.