A FAD KETOGENIC DIET CAN BE HARMFUL TO ONE'S HEALTH

To begin discussing the ketogenic diet, it's important to distinguish between a ketogenic diet that has been directed by an expert and one that has been picked carelessly based on what a celebrity, an athlete, or, more typically in these times, the influencer on duty has stated. "Any diet that offers less energy than needed resorts to reserving fats for use as fuel." That is, it stimulates the production of ketones considerably.

The term "ketogenic diet" refers to a diet that produces ketone bodies. The process of producing ketone bodies is mediated by consuming fewer carbs than necessary, but there are other factors to consider. A low-carbohydrate (or extremely low-carbohydrate) diet can be beneficial.

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The probable negative effects of a single ketogenic diet cannot be thrown into the same suitcase. Dr Agustin Molins, a specialist in nutrition and dietetics, head of the Dr Molins Clinic, and member of Top Doctors, argues why prescribing a ketogenic diet for an epileptic kid who needs to grow is not the same as prescribing one for a very fat child who needs to shrink.

The negative effects mentioned by Molins are among those described in a research published in Frontiers in Nutrition in July. It looked over 123 prior studies and came to the conclusion that very-low-carbohydrate ketogenic diets may pose considerable health hazards. A significant rise in LDL (bad) cholesterol, as well as an elevated risk of some chronic illnesses, is also mentioned.
The reason for this is that following a ketogenic diet would increase our consumption of red meat, processed meat, and saturated fats, which are foods linked to an increased risk of chronic renal disease, cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes, and Alzheimer's disease. We'll also limit our intake of "protective" foods like fruits, vegetables, lentils, and whole grains.
It’s possible that we'll throw our hands up in the air after reading the study's results. But let's not become complacent. "Ketosis (keto diet) is produced by a decrease in carbohydrates to 50 g of absorbable carbohydrates per day based on about 500 g per day of vegetables with a low glycemic load, low in fat (animal and vegetable), and rich in protein, then ketosis (keto diet) is caused by a reduction in
carbohydrate intake to 50 g of absorbable carbs per day... based on about 500 g per day of vegetables with a low glycemic load (1,2-1.5g per kg of ideal weight on a daily basis).

Ketone bodies can be produced in two ways. "The first significantly enhances the lipid profile, whereas the second significantly decreases it." One can lead to hepatic steatosis, whereas the second can reverse it in a matter of weeks.
The first has a moderate effectiveness in peripheral insulin resistance and inflammatory illnesses, while the second reduces insulin resistance in the short, medium, and long term, allowing type II diabetes patients, even those who are insulin-dependent, to avoid medication."

Again, it's imperative to comprehend the distinction between a ketogenic diet and a low-carbohydrate diet put forward by someone with no nutrition knowledge and one recommended by an expert.
Concerning increased intake of red and processed meat, which has been linked to an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, the doctor is certain that adopting a ketogenic diet does not include consuming these foods. "If utilized correctly, the choice of lean meats, such as chicken, turkey, and rabbit, as well as the consumption of healthy fats such as those found in fatty fish, avocados, and almonds leads to ideal balances," he continues.

When it comes to adopting a ketogenic diet, Molins emphasizes the significance of supplements. If we reduce our carbohydrate intake, which is required in this regimen, we may consume fewer fruits, vegetables, and legumes, making it necessary to supplement the nutrients included in these foods. "It is self-evident that without a mineral supply based on magnesium, calcium, and, most all, potassium, we put the lives of patients on a keto diet in jeopardy," the doctor argues. More reasons to avoid the keto diet at our peril.

"The article speaks to issues that do not present when ketosis is approached correctly. If the therapist discovers that the patient's diet is lacking in magnesium and calcium, he or she must provide the required supplements. If we know that the microbiota will change in the medium term, we must administer the necessary pre-pro biotics.

If the urine becomes acidic, another form of protein must be used to alkalinize it. If we know that too much protein from beef is bad for us, we should consume more fatty fish, ideally small, and eggs, which are high in choline and good for liver function. Patients with mild renal failure should be discarded to prevent causing harm to pre-existing kidney illness (which is a diet contraindication), and so on. Only the patient's understanding and care will ensure the process's safety, but it cannot be a lifelong diet," adds Molins.

The ketogenic diet is not for life, and it is not recommended for everyone. "Low-calorie and very low-calorie diets necessitate a medical examination to rule out contraindications, or clinical situations that preclude this type of diet, such as type I diabetes, liver and/or kidney failure, the simultaneous administration of certain medications such as corticosteroids, age limits in adolescents and people over 65, pregnancy and lactation, and some less common diseases such as lupus." They are safe under thorough medical supervision, with frequent control tests and, most importantly, with personalized supplementation," reveals the nutrition specialist.

"In my perspective, adopting a keto diet for 12-14 months, as it is used in very obese individuals, poses no risk in the hands of experts, but I do not believe it to be a diet for a long-term healthy lifestyle."
Returning to a different diet should be done gradually to avoid difficulties. "Those of us who manage diets are aware that food must be reintroduced gradually in terms of glycemic loading to prevent affecting insulin sensitivity. It can be harmed if you rapidly go from keto to high carb.

The restoration of pancreatic beta-cell functioning can eventually cure type 2 diabetes if done gradually." Another negative effect discovered in the article published in Frontiers in Nutrition, gestational diabetes, might be the result of this sudden transformation.

"I believe that the higher risk of gestational diabetes among women on the keto diet is due to the fact that when they become pregnant, they stop eating."
It is possible to develop pregnant diabetes if the reintroduction of carbs is not gradual, but it is impossible to develop gestational diabetes if you stick to the keto diet.

Ketogenic diets have been around for a long time. They've been used to treat obesity and overweight for almost a century. They're also suggested for youngsters with epilepsy to help them stop having seizures.
"The effectiveness of a "well-structured" ketogenic diet in the treatment of metabolic syndrome, hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, polycystic ovary syndrome, dysmenorrhea, urinary incontinence, and other pathologies associated with obesity and overweight is the best option in terms of efficacy in the short, medium, and long term," says Dr Molins.
It has also been used to treat cancer, although its main focus is on metabolic syndrome, a set of risk factors for heart disease, diabetes, and other illnesses. Abdominal obesity, high triglycerides, low HDL (good) cholesterol, high blood pressure, and high fasting blood sugar are all risk factors.

"LDL (bad cholesterol) values are significantly decreased on a low-fat ketogenic diet, and they stay low even when weight is regained months later." On the contrary, HDL cholesterol (the good kind) increases and stays high for months after the diet is stopped. "The levels of C-reactive protein, a marker of low-grade chronic inflammation, decline swiftly in my dietary approach, but they increase when animal protein is consumed," adds the doctor.

CANCER AND THE KETOGENIC DIET
The Warburg effect is a phenomenon first reported by Otto Warburg in 1920, in which cancer cells consume glucose and convert it to lactate even when oxygen is present. To proliferate, these cancerous cells create a lot of lactate. Could a ketogenic diet virtually totally limit accessible glucose, halting the development of malignant cells?
For the most part, investigations on neoplasms have been limited and inconclusive. Although some researchers suggest that the ketogenic diet may help with neural tumours, the evidence isn't convincing.

However, it is self-evident that lowering carbohydrate intake with low-glycemic-load vegetables, even without causing ketosis, might be a favourable alternative for cancer patients. Loss of muscle mass is also a major issue for cancer patients receiving chemotherapy, biological therapies, and other treatments.
This weakens him in the fight against his sickness, thus a diverse diet rich in antioxidants, nutraceuticals, and high biological value proteins low in fat might be useful for a better therapeutic approach to the patient from a holistic point of view of the disease, according to Dr Molins.

More study is needed to determine whether the keto diet may help people fight cancer. Meanwhile, if we want to follow it, it is advisable to consult a specialist.

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