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Yes you can buy stEEm and stEEm Dollars (SBD) on poloniex.
Steem Power is locked Steem.
Steem power isnt really influencing the value of your posts but the value of your votes and the amount of curation rewards you can earn (for voting on others posts)
note: it is important to know that you write all this with "EE"
It isnt stEAm but stEEm.
this maybe will help if you want to find some information about STEEMIT on google.

welcome on steemit.

(latest economy changes on steemit
https://steemit.com/steem/@steemitblog/proposed-changes-to-steem-economy )

correct if im wrong is steem a fration of a steem dollar casue steem worth about 14 cents right and steam dollar about 2 dollars right?

steem is a volatile asset.
the price is hardly settled on supply and demand on the markets. (atm ~13 cents).
steem dollar in comparsion is a stable currency which normally should be around 1$ Us dollar.
they are very useful if you have worries about volatility. (/loosing some of your money)

so steem is the caponent you use to speculate and then cash out to steem dollars with gain intrest is that correct?

this could be one way to look at it.
you are right, steem would be the tool to speculate. but the interest rate of SBD isnt that profitable.

maybe this will help.
http://steemwiki.com/index.php?action=artikel&cat=1&id=12&artlang=en

15percent apr sounds like a lot to me as long as my dollar stays worth a dollar

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