Are you excited for 2021? The people of 1921 sure were!
As we enter this new year, full of hope and trepidation and the
scars of 2020, I thought it would be helpful to see what people
from a full century ago envisioned for us. They’d recently
survived World War I and the Spanish Flu of 1918, and they were
witnessing a technological revolution. Electricity, commercial
aviation, radio, and many other innovations were new. How, they
wondered, would these things transform their world?
To find out, I searched for the phrase “the year 2021” in the
newspapers of 1921. Articles of the day were full of predictions—
some right, and some very wrong.
The mistakes are intriguing, of course. (For example, the Evening
News of Harrisburg, PA, predicted that Mexico will be “a greater
power than any in Europe.”) But I prefer the correct predictions.
The people of 1921 imagined fanciful conveniences that today we
take for granted—like controlling the temperature in our homes,
cooking more easily, and flying around the world. These were
fantasies of theirs! And they’re our reality.
It should make us think: For all the real hardships we face, we are
also living in someone else’s dream world… and we now get to
build towards our own future dreams.
Here are some of the predictions I found.
- We Will Be Masters of Temperature
Charles Steinmetz, an electrical engineer known as “The Wizard of
Schenectady”, wrote a piece that was widely distributed at the
time. He began by talking about a revolution in home
environments:
“When heating is done all electrically, and I want 70 degrees in my
home, I shall set the thermostat at 70 and the temperature will
not rise above that point. This temperature will be maintained
uniformly regardless of the weather outside.
“This will also hold true on the warm day when the temperature
outside may be 90 or 100 degrees. The same electrical apparatus
will cool the air. And what’s more, it will keep the humidity
normal at all times.” - Entertainment Will Happen At Home
Steinmetz was ready to Netflix and chill. Here’s what he imagined:
“There will be no need to go to some congested, poorly
ventilated hall for a musical concert. We just push a plug into a
base receptacle, as we do for the vacuum cleaner or table lamp,
and we can have the concert brought into our homes.
“Music will be supplied by a central station and distributed to
subscribers by wire, just as we get our telephone service today.
Perhaps this may be by wireless, the home being equipped with a
radio-receiving apparatus. With this arrangement improved, we
may hear grand opera stars as they sing in European capitals while
sitting in our libraries at home.” - Electricity Powers Our Wheels
Steinmetz saw the future of electric transportation, but we’re still
catching up to it. Here he imagines Tesla cars and Lime scooters…
and a storage solution we haven’t quite adopted yet.
“The most essential purpose of the cellar today is a satisfactory
place to house the heating furnace, the coal supply and ashes.
With the home electrical, these two purposes, as well as many
others of lesser importance are eliminated. So what use can we
put this space?
“With the electrical improvements to come, there will be a change
in our transportation system. There will be more electric
automobiles and electric bicycles and tricycles will be developed.
Because of their simplicity and low price they will be available to
almost everyone. Our cellars will be the place to keep them. “ - Books Will Be Read To Us!
In August of 1921, the Miami News ran a column by Moses Folsom
called “One Hundred Years From Now”. Among his great
predictions: He described what’s essentially the audio book.
“By 2021 the phonographic principle may have become practically
infallible and the best books will be reproduced in plates for use
in many different styles of speaking machines. The exact tones of
the elocutionist in speaking the words of the dramatist, poet,
teacher, philosopher and novelist will be imitated in the library or
parlor of every home. The exact tones of the sweet singer will
also be faithfully reproduced on records to last long after the
voice of the singer is silent in the sleep that knows no waking.” - Faster, Brighter, Better!
That same Miami News writer rattled off some big predictions—
some of which came true, and some of which (like eco-conscious
manufacturing) we’re still working towards.
“Moving sidewalks and elevators may be found in the densely
populated cities, and tubes may connect cities and men travel in
them at a speed that is dazzling to the senses. Colored
photography will be a fact and vast improvements made in movie
pictures. The tides may be used for power as well as the rays of
the sun for heat and power.
“Utensils and dwellings will be manufactured largely of pulps and
cements so as to utilize vegetation and stone in every stage of
decade, ordinary waste or unfitness.” - Oceans Are No Obstacle!
In Fall River, Massachusetts, the local newspaper invited
schoolchildren to write in with their predictions. Some predicted
police officers flying in the skies, or potatoes growing in the
streets. But the best entry, by 14-year-old Thomas Gooley,
imagined a person from 1921 waking up in 2021, being alarmed to
find massive airplanes ahead and no doors on buildings (because
they’re all now on the roof), and then trying to escape to
Europe. He wrote:
“On reaching the wharf we would ask for a ticket for a first
class cabin passage on the next boat. The ticket seller would
laugh at us and say, ‘You do not go over the Atlantic any more,
old man, but under it in a tunnel.’”
“Looking stupidly about us we might ask, ‘Well what year is this
anyhow?’ And somebody might answer: ‘The year of 2021.’”
Of course, we don’t travel in tunnels under the Atlantic in 2021.
But young Thomas Gooley was basically right: Boats are no
longer the primary way to cross an ocean… and we do, in fact,
have some kind of tunnel across the ocean. The internet travels
using hair-thin wires , that are strung across the ocean floor.