No, or yes. Depending on who you ask.

There has been a proposed language family called Altaic that, again, depending on the source, may or may not include both the Turkic languages and Japanese (as well as Mongolian, Korean and others). Altaicists propose a number of similarities including word order (SOV), the use of suffixes/post-positioned particles to indicate grammatical relationships, and a degree of vowel harmony (heavily used in Turkic and Mongolic languages, in the process of being lost in Korean, and controversially proposed for Old Japonic and not present in modern Japanese). There have also been a number of proposed phonological correspondences,