Introduction To Programming

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INTRODUCTION TO PROGRAMMING

Today, most people don't need to know how a computer works. They can simply turn on a computer or a mobile phone and point at some little graphical object on the display, click a button or swipe a finger, and the computer does something. In the sense that how to interact with a computer program is all the average person needs to know.

But, since you are going to learn how to write computer programs, you need to know a little bit about how a computer works. Your job will be to instruct the computer to do things.

In introduction to programming, three words are to be considered which are:

• Program
• Programming
• Programmer

PROGRAM: Are set of instruction or codes writing by a programmer to carry out or perform a specific task when executed by the computer.

PROGRAMMING: Is the act of writing instructions or code to perform a specific task.

PROGRAMMER: Is a person or computer users that gives the instruction or code to the computer.

PROBLEM SOLVING

This is the main purpose of writing a program which is solving a problem

Steps involve in solving a problem includes:

Firstly, you need to understand the problem: Needless to say that if you do not understand the problem you can never solve it. It is also often true that if you really understand the problem, you can see a solution.

Algorithm: It describes the solution to a problem in terms of the data needed to represent the problem instance and the set of steps necessary to produce the intended. Think of it this way: if you were to tell your 3 year old neice to play your favorite song on the piano (assuming the neice has never played a piano), you would have to tell her where the piano was, and how to sit on the bench, and how to open the cover, and which keys to press, and which order to press them in, etc, etc, etc.
The core of what good programmers do is being able to define the steps necessary to accomplish a goal. Unfortunately, a computer only knows a very restricted and limited set of possible steps. For example a computer can add two numbers. But if you want to find the average of two numbers, this is beyond the basic capabilities of a computer. To find the average, you must:

1. First: Add the two numbers and save this result in a variable
2. Then: Divide this new number the number two, and save this result in a variable.
3. Finally: provide this number to the rest of the program (or print it for the user)

Designing the solutions: This is to create or design the programming structure.

Coding: The process of setting instruction to solve the problem analysis.

Testing and debugging: the act of correcting errors.

Flow chart: This show the flow of program in a diagram format.

Different types of error are:

• Syntax Error: This is the act of going against the rules and regulation of programming language.

• Semantic Error: This is an error that occurs due to improper use of programming language.

• Logical Error: This is an error that occurs as a result of breaking the rules and regulation lay down by a programmer a design time, resulting in an undesired output.

Variable, Constant and Variable Name

Variable: it is a name space that is used in locating a memory space.

Constant: This is any value that doesn’t change in the program.

Variable Name: This is a programmer defined named or unique Identifier.

BENEFIT OF PROGRAMMING

• Computer programming is high job satisfaction, You can use your creativity & mind , You can develop your own software product , There is no career limit for talented and hardworking programmers and you can determine your destiny.

• Computer programming is well paying jobs , As a computer programmer , You can have multiple career options , The computer programming can prepare you for the careers in the other related technology , Many computer programmers can work under an assortment of titles , such as the system analyst , Web programmer & the application programmer , According to the indeed website.

• The computer programmers, who write computer code which enables the computer to perform certain tasks, work in every industry such as the engineering, educational & medical fields.

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