What are galaxies?

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Galaxies began to form from the big bang, with this created the ordinary matter and dark matter and then began to create gases which when cooled became ordinary matter such as hydrogen or other liquid materials, solids, gaseous or plasma.

Later on, planets and black holes were developed based on dark matter, which were one of the first things that existed at the beginning of the universe, the main and predominant ones were gases such as oxygen, hydrogen, carbon, phosphorus, sulfur and selenium, these dark matter began to absorb all the matter that got in their way as black holes, thus increasing their size and creating large gravitational fields. As these fields were created, planets and stars around these black holes began to cluster, these stars and planets developed the first solar systems like ours with a black hole in the center of these galaxies.

It is not known exactly what first formed inside the galaxies, whether the stars were created or the planets were created, but it is known that some planets, began to orbit around other stars. An example of these solar systems is ours, formed by a sun, which is our mother star; mercury, which is the closest planet to the sun; then there are four rocky planets and a dwarf planet, Venus, the Earth, Mars and Ceres (dwarf planet); after these are the gaseous planets, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune; and after these and finally, four dwarf planets, Pluto, Haunmea, Makemake and Eris.

Our galaxy is located between the Laniakea, which is a supercumulus of galaxies among which it is, in turn our galaxy is located in the virgo supercumulus, in a group called local group. This local group or local cluster is made up of our galaxy, the Andromeda galaxy and the triangle galaxy.

In short, we can say that the galaxies are a grouping of solar systems, rocky planets and gaseous planets, and stars like white suns and red suns, which are united by the gravitational force of a black hole in the center of these groupings.

Types of galaxies?

Galaxies can be classified into four types according to their shape: elliptical, spiral, peculiar and irregular. There is also a sub-type of galaxies that are not taken into account, which are dwarf galaxies that are smaller than a galaxy by only a few light years.

• Spiral Galaxies: We live in a galaxy, as the name implies, which is a galaxy that is formed from a spiral. They are characterized by a rotating flat disk composed of stars and interstellar matter and a concentration of stars in the center (the bulb) surrounded by the disk.
  

  
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• Elliptical Galaxies: They are a type of galaxy with an ellipsoidal shape and that lack the arms of the spirals, some measure little reaching a few thousand light years, while others are very large reaching fifty times the size of the Milky Way and two thousand times more massive. An example of the latter is IC 1101.
  

  
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• Lenticular galaxies: these are a mixture of these two types of galaxies but they are very rare and therefore not much is known about them.
  

  
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• Irregular Galaxies: These are a type of galaxy that does not fit into any of these classifications. The so-called "Magellanic Clouds" are an example of the latter, since they are small galaxies that travel in orbit with our galaxy.
  

  
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• Peculiar Galaxies: This is a galaxy with a shape, size or composition not found in other galaxies. They arise as a result of interactions between galaxies and can contain large amounts of dust or gas, have a brighter or dimmer brightness than typical galaxies or characteristics such as nuclear jets.
  

  
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What happens when two galaxies collide?

When two galaxies collide an explosion of energy occurs which is released throughout the cosmos, in turn the central black hole of the galaxy with the most mass will absorb it and produce a flash of energy that will last millions of years. Dwarf galaxies may not be involved in this, as their black holes are so small that the gravitational force of one or the other does not attract them unless they are very close to each other. From this interaction between galaxies a quasar is formed, and these quasars are called peculiar galaxies or are considered as such.

A curious fact is that Andromeda, our neighboring galaxy, is getting closer to ours. This implies that its black hole will devour ours and later a peculiar galaxy could be created by the formation of a quasar. This event is estimated to occur in about four billion years, plus possibly our solar system would not be altered in any way because we are so far from our black hole that we would not even know what happened.

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