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RE: The end of the Run 2 of the Large Hadron Collider - the dawn of a new class of interactions
These results establish the existence of a new class of fundamental force
1. Gravitational Force
2. Weak Nuclear Force
3. Electromagnetic Force
4. Strong Nuclear Force
5. Yukawa Force (interaction)
??!! Am I right? Will it be something like that if all the Yukawa interactions will be measured in the future?
The four usual fundamental interactions are those you listed from 1 to 4.
In the Standard Model of particle physics, weak, electromagnetic and strong interactions are embedded in the framework of what we call gauge theories (I recommend some of the links of my post for more information on this). We don't know how to embed gravity in this framework (yet?) and there are many researches on this. In any case, at the fundamental level and currently probed energies, gravity is negligible so that this is not a real problem at the moment (and we have more time to investigate that).
Yukawa interactions are different in the sense that there are not gauge interactions and thus of a different nature. They correspond to the coupling of a scalar particle (the Higgs boson) to a pair of fermions (matter particles). Until the Higgs discovery, while those interactions were present in the Standard Model, there was no evidence for their realization in nature.
I hope this clarifies a little bit.
Not in a close future. Since the strength of the interaction is proportional to the mass of the involved particles, some of them are incredibly weak (which means very rarely occurring in collision processes). But physicists are trying to design strategies to get there (and also consider the capabilities future machines should reach).
Ok, it is more clear now. It is another thing than gauge theories. It is a coupling for mesons which contributes to their Lagrangians for the interactions with scalars. I think you particle physicists use Dirac Lagrangians for 1/2 spin particles in order to put the mesons interaction into the system. Here the Yukawa interaction represents the interaction between Dirac and Scalar fields.
Those are not exactly the Yukawa interactions I am talking about, as the context here is the one of the fundamental particles (mesons are composite).