Psychiatric Nursing: Mental Mechanism Part 3

Hello fellow steemians. I'm here again Rigel. Let's continue to our discussion about the book I read and I want to share the knowledge of what I read in my book named Psychiatric Nursing. Today let's talk about mental mechanism. This is his part 2. The terms "mental mechanism" "mental dynamisms", and "mental defenses" are used interchangeably in psychiatry when discussing methods used by individuals to resolve mental conflict. All human beings use mental mechanisms to alleviate the anxiety perceived during times of stress. Just as our bodies have physical defenses which combat disease conditions, such as the action of white blood cells, so do our mental defenses aid in the resolution of mental conflict.
Ordinarily, the limited use of a defense mechanism will help to resolve a conflict and reduce or alleviate the tension and anxiety produced by it. when mechanisms fail to resolve emotional conflict, an individual's defenses may become pathological to the extent of attracting attention and requiring treatment and sometimes hospitalization. Overt pathological manifestations of menttal mechanism represent attempts to resolve overwhelming mental conflict. Pathological defenses may be observed in the behavior of patients showing ritualistic behavior , in those who deny reality and phatasize. and in others.
It is generally believed that by the tenth year of life defense mechanisms are well established. These mechanism are characteristic ways of behaving in response to situations which threaten the security of the self-system. Mental mechanisms may be used consciously or unconsciously. They are seldom used alone but are more often used in combination with one another. They may be viewed as reaction to conflict which are associated with one of the three major defense patterns: moving againts, moving away, and moving forward.

SUBLIMATION
Sublimation is the release into different situation of the unused energy or impulses which cannot be realized or socially approved in one situation. The unconscious mind contains strong, primitive impulses which could prove harmful to the individual or those in his environment if they were not altered or tempered to conform with socially approved and accepted behavior.

PROJECTION
Literally, projection means to "throw off" and is often referred to as the "blaming" or "scapegoat" mechanism. Individuals may blame other for their failures or specific happenings because it is emotionally painful and personally threatening to accept responsibility for them.

IDENTIFICATION
Identification is a defensive process which involves affects and deep feeling tones. It is an unconscious imitation of patterning of one's mannerism, behavior, and feelings in accordance with those of another person. Identification with a sexual image is believed to begin with the girl's identification with her mother and the boy's with his father during this Oedipal period.

CONVERSION
Conversion is a mechanism whereby an individual converts an emotional problem into physical symptom or outlet which provide a release for the tension and anxiety associated with the conflict. This mechanisms may be used early in life when the sick child discovers that being ill is a way to obtain sympathy and attention to escape some feared or unpleasant situation .

CONDENSATION
Condensation result from a delusional system fortified over a long period of time. If the fusion of two or more ideas or experience into one experience or manifestation. In a condensed form of acting out, the patient may convey ideas with associated feelings into connection with a delusion.

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