influencia los Hidrocarburos en el posicionamiento Geopolítico

in #venezuela6 years ago
Los hidrocarburos en la actualidad son fundamentales para el mantenimiento de la economía. Esta dependencia se ha desarrollado a lo largo del siglo XX y se mantiene totalmente vigente en el siglo XXI. Es de esperarse que con el paso del tiempo se comiencen a implementar nuevas formas de producción de energía. Si bien estas ya existen, lo cierto es que todavía no han tenido la penetración deseable.
Esta circunstancia, no obstante, llegará en el futuro de modo inexorable, sobre todo cuando exista una merma en la producción de hidrocarburos y el precio de los mismos sea excesivamente elevado. Mientras tanto, hoy en día existen reservas suficientes para los próximos años. Desde un punto de vista amplio la Geopolítica se entiende como una ciencia que a través de la geografía política, descriptiva e histórica estudia los sucesos políticos y futuros así como, sus efectos.

Esta representa un instrumento para definir las estrategias a seguir para un accionar concreto que definitivamente debería apuntar hacia el desarrollo real, deseado y posible de lograr un poder eficaz y eficiente para la Nación. Desde el año 2000 hasta la fecha, las relaciones internacionales de Venezuela han sido mayoritariamente cooperativas, es decir, fueron en búsqueda de la hermandad, apoyo, fortalecimiento, ayuda, intercambio, integración y otros elementos positivos.

Durante su gestión el presidente Chávez, realizó una serie de reformas estructurales en la industria petrolera con la finalidad de adaptarla a los nuevos tiempos e impulsar una geopolítica petrolera que buscaba fortalecer un nuevo sistema multipolar internacional, como una alternativa para contrarrestar la influencia de los Estados Unidos en América Latina. Inicialmente, en el marco de los objetivos estratégicos de la llamada “Nueva etapa de la Revolución bolivariana” impulsada en noviembre del 2004.
Luego, desarrolló el Plan Nacional Simón Bolívar, donde una de las líneas estratégicas planteaba convertir a Venezuela en una potencia energética mundial y jugar un papel importante en la reestructuración del Orden Mundial. La promoción internacional del país, su apertura en función de buscar apoyo político y económico, la búsqueda de nuevos clientes para la oferta de los hidrocarburos nacionales, las alianzas bilaterales y multilaterales, el incentivo a nuevos inversionistas foráneos, el fortalecimiento de la integración regional y sobre todo el posicionamiento como una potencia energética mundial.
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