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Hardforks are upgrades to the underlying technology (Steem blockchain) which usually improves the consensus mechanism of the platform. With each hardfork some parameters are tweaked/improved so that platform can grow and scale. If new changes or features are changing consensus those versions of software require hardforks, but if there are few bug fixes which won't effect consensus then they are softforks.

Thank you. Have followed your posts for some time now. You have my witness vote. Best wishes. We all can appreciate "good karma."
Why is everyone in a panic and tizzy over a possible bitcoin hard fork?

Good question, imho bitcoin is quite old tech and nobody wants to break it also reaching consensus on hardfork is impossible due to community size and not properly structured model around it. They don't want to fracture community into separate groups just like Ethereum which now has Ethereum classic because they couldn't reach consensus. On Steem everything works rather different, witnesses and community reach consensus through open public discussions, posts, debates, etc...

Sounds like a winner... "Open discussion" is steem and steemit.. what a powerful design. Now if the government will get lost....

As I understood, hf19 will change only inner technically points of blockchain?
And resteem for @good-karma )

I also want to know more about hard fork in detail